THE IMPACT OF THYROID CANCER

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Cancer occurs in the cells of the thyroid — a butterfly-shaped gland located at the base of your neck, just below your Adam's apple. Your thyroid produces hormones that regulate your heart rate, blood pressure, body temperature and weight. Thyroid cancer might not cause any symptoms at first. But as it grows, it can cause pain and swelling in your neck. Several types of thyroid cancer exist. Some grow very slowly and others can be very aggressive. Most cases of thyroid cancer can be cured with treatment. Thyroid cancer rates seem to be increasing. Some doctors think this is because new technology is allowing them to find small thyroid cancers that may not have been found in the past.

Thyroid cancer typically doesn't cause any signs or symptoms early in the disease. As thyroid cancer grows, it may cause:A lump (nodule) that can be felt through the skin on your neck, Changes to your voice, including increasing hoarseness, Difficulty swallowing, Pain in your neck and throat, Swollen lymph nodes in your neck If you experience any signs or symptoms that worry you, make an appointment with your doctor. It's not clear what causes thyroid cancer. Thyroid cancer occurs when cells in your thyroid undergo genetic changes (mutations). The mutations allow the cells to grow and multiply rapidly. The cells also lose the ability to die, as normal cells would. The accumulating abnormal thyroid cells form a tumour. The abnormal cells can invade nearby tissue and can spread (metastasize) to other parts of the body. Thyroid cancer is classified into types based on the kinds of cells found in the tumour. Your type is determined when a sample of tissue from your cancer is examined under a microscope.

The type of thyroid cancer is considered in determining your treatment and prognosis. Types of thyroid cancer include: Papillary thyroid cancer. The most common form of thyroid cancer, papillary thyroid cancer arises from follicular cells, which produce and store thyroid hormones. Papillary thyroid cancer can occur at any age, but most often it affects people ages 30 to 50. Doctors sometimes refer to papillary thyroid cancer and follicular thyroid cancer together as differentiated thyroid cancer. Follicular thyroid cancer also arises from the follicular cells of the thyroid. It usually affects people older than age 50. Hurtle cell cancer is a rare and potentially more aggressive type of follicular thyroid cancer.

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